The study was commissioned to Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi with an objective to understand the structure of the Cement and Pesticides sectors with a view to gauge the state of competition in these sectors. The basic premise of the study is that the information obtained would serve as some guide to the CCI in terms of the quantification of parameters that could be used to assess anti-competitive behavior. In addition, the study would also serve as some guide as to the state of competition in these sectors. The study indicates that there is some evidence of price fixation and market sharing agreements in the sense of Section 3(3)(a) and 3(3)(c) of Competition Act, 2002. This however, merits further investigation.